After playing around with this for awhile, this is what I have found. Adding the height and width code does work, but it takes a LONG time for changes to show up. To make changes show up automatically, I had to go about it in an entirely different way.

Instead of publishing, I embedded it as if it were a video (and then changed the html code). It takes more steps, but I ended up liking the result a lot more (and for more reasons than just the automatic updates). See below for the steps. 

1. Get the share link from the google doc

2. On Canvas Page, click to insert media

3. Paste the share link, but change the last part of the link 
CHANGE /edit?usp=sharing TO  /preview?pli=1
*Note = this is what puts the document into preview mode and show up on the page correctly

4. Change the dimensions
*Note = I recommend width = 100% Height = 600

5. Click Okay

6. Click HTML Editor

7. Adjust code 
change video to iframe, delete controls, extra bracket, and source
*Note = The document will not show up without these changes

Example:

CHANGE 

<p><video width="100%" height="600" controls="controls">
<source src="https://yourgoogledocshareaddress/preview?pli=1" /></video></p>

TO

<p><iframe width="100%" height="600" src="https://yourgoogledocshareaddress/preview?pli=1" /></iframe></p>

8. Save